{"id":713,"date":"2018-04-16T18:42:50","date_gmt":"2018-04-16T22:42:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fms321.danielhdavis.com\/video-games\/the-last-of-us-3\/"},"modified":"2018-04-16T20:09:04","modified_gmt":"2018-04-17T00:09:04","slug":"the-last-of-us-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/2018\/04\/16\/the-last-of-us-3\/","title":{"rendered":"The Last of Us #3"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As a deaf person who wears hearing aids, my primary form of communication since I was three years old has been through vocal speech. While hearing aids help me distinguish what is being said, I don\u2019t really rely on my hearing all that much. Instead, I depend on my ability to read lips. When it comes to video games however, it\u2019s impossible to even try to read the characters\u2019 lips in the game. I\u2019ve had to rely on subtitles\/close-captioning to fill in the blanks. The reason I pointed this out, is because subtle facial reactions and cues are huge when trying to get a read on someone\u2019s emotion. It\u2019s an extension of the game for me personally and the face is such an important and complex communication channel.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fms321.danielhdavis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Screen-Shot-2018-04-13-at-9.21.35-PM.png\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-183 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/fms321.danielhdavis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Screen-Shot-2018-04-13-at-9.21.35-PM.png?resize=447%2C321\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" srcset=\"http:\/\/fms321.danielhdavis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Screen-Shot-2018-04-13-at-9.21.35-PM.png 447w, http:\/\/fms321.danielhdavis.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Screen-Shot-2018-04-13-at-9.21.35-PM-300x215.png 300w\" alt=\"\" width=\"447\" height=\"321\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Facial animation was first introduced in 1982 and focused solely on the mouth and eyebrows. In 1991, it was proposed that animation systems consider the link between intonation and the emotion to drive their system. Pretty much all video games are lacking in the ability to effectively communicate the emotions of the characters. In my opinion, it is essential that people realize that literally every single aspect of your face is used to communicate with people. Video games have never really focused on the following during dialogues between characters: cheek muscles, eyebrows, forehead creases, nostrils, position of chin, the clenching of your jawline, pupil dilation\/constriction, eyelashes, tongue, and how much teeth is being shown. Video games that depict humans also never seem to produce the desired emotion of what is happening in the game. If you look at <em>Grand Theft Auto V<\/em>, the facial animations are decent, but they don\u2019t really capture the essence of what\u2019s happening in the game. It exudes laziness.\u00a0<em>The Last of Us<\/em> is unique in that Naughty Dog, Inc. put a serious effort to exhibit the emotions completely.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/O4jXbMMdn-I?feature=oembed\" width=\"740\" height=\"416\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>In a game like\u00a0<em>The Last of Us<\/em>, the emotional whirlwind that the characters and gamers themselves are exposed to is what really sells separates the game from its peers. When I try to read lips of the characters in other video games, it\u2019s unnatural. It immediately reminds me that I\u2019m playing a video game. I understand that it\u2019s a computer animation and rendering of what we see in the real world, but for me, it\u2019s a huge dealbreaker when it comes to how immersed I can get within the game. Simply put,\u00a0<em>The Last of Us<\/em> contains the best facial animation I have seen in a video game thus far. It\u2019s not perfect, but it\u2019s close. They were able to capture the intonation of how the characters meant to say the word, which is how words are said in its pitch as well as its delivery speed.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/vo5ztSsA_zk?feature=oembed\" width=\"740\" height=\"416\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The main characters in\u00a0<em>The Last of Us<\/em>, Joel and Ellie, were able to show shock, fear, irony, sarcasm, despair, anger, sadness, disgust, and surprise, among other emotions. Joel and Ellie weren\u2019t just computer rendered characters. They were their own people with their own moods and their own distinct personalities. They weren\u2019t solely outward projections. They were also able to project inwards, which is difficult for video games to accomplish. And that\u2019s what I believe is necessary to help people bond with characters. If you look at the video above,\u00a0<em>The Last of Us 2<\/em>, which is due later this year or next, is looking more and more impressive. I mean, I think the video speaks for itself from my perspective. It\u2019s uncanny how natural it looks and I\u2019m excited to play it. When Ellie says, \u201cI\u2019m going to kill every last one of them,\u201d at the end of the video, one can\u2019t help but get goosebumps. The bar has been set by Naughty Dog, LLC and everyone else is playing catch up.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Sources:<\/p>\n<p>Pelachaud, Catherine, Mark Steedman, and Norman I. Badler. \u201cLinguistic Issues in Facial Animation.\u201d\u00a0<em>Computer Animation<\/em>. University of Pennsylvania. 1991. Pages 15-30. \u00a0https:\/\/repository.upenn.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1076&amp;context=hms<\/p>\n<p>Schaap, Robert, and Rafael Bidarra.\u00a0\u201cTowards Emotional Characters in Computer Games.\u201d <em>Entertainment Computing<\/em><em>.<\/em> The Netherlands: Delft University of Technology, 2008. Pages 167-172.\u00a0https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Rafael_Bidarra\/publication\/220851417_Towards_Emotional_Characters_in_Computer_Games\/links\/004635311e999b6343000000\/Towards-Emotional-Characters-in-Computer-Games.pdf<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"commented-out-html\" style=\"display: none;\"> .entry-content <\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"commented-out-html\" style=\"display: none;\"> .entry-footer <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"commented-out-html\" style=\"display: none;\"> #post-## <\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"commented-out-html\" style=\"display: none;\"> #comments <\/span><\/p>\n<nav class=\"navigation post-navigation\" role=\"navigation\">\n<h2 class=\"screen-reader-text\">Post navigation<\/h2>\n<\/nav>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/fms321.danielhdavis.com\/video-games\/the-last-of-us-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Last of Us #3<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As a deaf person who wears hearing aids, my primary form of communication since I was three years old has been through vocal speech. While hearing aids help me distinguish what is being said, I don\u2019t really rely on my hearing all that much. Instead, I depend on my ability to read lips. When it &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"item_id":"4bb1ef7ea6838226091c2bc7192ebc16","pf_source_link":"","item_date":"Fri, 13 Apr 2018 00:31:43 +0000","item_author":"aggregation","item_link":"http:\/\/fms321.danielhdavis.com\/video-games\/the-last-of-us-3\/","item_feat_img":"","item_wp_date":"Fri, 13 Apr 2018 00:31:43 +0000","item_tags":"","source_publication_name":"","source_publication_url":"","nomination_count":"1","sortable_item_date":"1523579503","item_description":"","pf_word_count":"956","pf_forward_to_origin":"no-forward","_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[189],"tags":[56,13,57,58,55],"class_list":["post-713","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-round-3","tag-first-time-playing","tag-free-choice","tag-ps4","tag-the-last-of-us","tag-video-games"],"nominators":{"1":{"user_id":1,"nomination_datetime":"2018-04-16 16:01:48","nomination_unixtime":1523908908}},"archiveOrgStatus":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9xw5i-bv","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/713","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=713"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/713\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":742,"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/713\/revisions\/742"}],"feed":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/pf\/v1\/feeds\/146"}],"nominator":[{"embeddable":false,"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/user\/1"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=713"}],"wp:term":[{"attributes":{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true},"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=713"},{"attributes":{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true},"href":"https:\/\/courses.digitaldavidson.net\/games18\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=713"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}